Apparatus for amplifying pulsating electric currents



I L. DE FOREST. APPARATUS FOR AMPLIFYING PULSATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22. 1915.

Patented Aug.- 3, 1920.

S 5 wue'wto-z I .uNrrens'rArEs PATENT OFFICE.

m If: 10mm, NEW YORK, 11'. Y., ASSIGNOL TO 1m roams-r mm marnon m mmmn COMPANY, OI IQIW YORK, I. Y., A Ol' DELAWARE FOB WIRING To all whom it mm camera:

.Be it known t at I, Lss'nn Foans'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at 1 SW New York, county of Bronx, State of York, have made a certain new and useful Invention in A paratus for Amplifying Pulsating Electric Currents, of which. the following is a specification. 1

- This invention relates to apparatus for amplifying electric currents or oscillations and particulanly currents or oscillations of alternating or pulsating character.

The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the nature referred to which is simple and efiicient for increasing or enhancing the strength of alternating or pulsatin oscillatory electric currents.

Ot or objects of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter.

The invention consists substantially in the construction, combination, location. and circuit arrangement all as will be more fully set forth hereinafter,as shown'by the accompanying drawing, and finally pointed out b the appended claims.

Re erring to the accompanying drawing and to thevarious views and reference nuinerals appearing thereon,-

Fig ure 1 is a view in diagram showing an arrangement of amplifying apparatus embodying the principles of my invention wherein the audions employed are arranged in series or tandem relation.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the audions arranged in multiple.

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing still another arrangement embodying the princi les of m invention.

have iscovered that the strength of weak pulsating or oscillating electric currents received from any suitable source,

' such, for instance, assignals received from cuit relation. The audions ma a distant radio transmitter or otherwise, may be increased, amplified or enhanced by suitably interlinking or associating together;

a plurality of audions, with their wing or plate and grid electrodes in suitable cirv be associated together in series or casca e arrangement, in multiple relation or otherwise, as may be desired. In case of the multiple relation I prefer to arrange the wing or out-put circuit of the several audions in such manner as to cause all the audions to act simultaneously and aecumulatively upon a e imaoii 01 Letters 2mm.

manure amwriue Gunman telephone receiver} or the like.

Patented Aug..3,'1920. Application mar iia aa, 101;. w ao,-.u,aaa.

In Fig. thrive-shown a pluralityof an dionsarranged iniseries or tandem relation. In this case the source of weak oscillations which are to be amplified, is .dia-

grammatically indicated at 5. As is obviwell known source, and while, therefore, for descri )tive purposes I have indicated the seconca coil) of .a hi hlfrequency' transformer, it is understood of course that the illustration is purely illustrative and my invention is in no sense to be limited or restricted in this respect.

Reference numerals 6, 7, designate a plurality of bulbs .which are shown in the form ous, this may beany suitable, desired or' ofstandard audions with sin le plate and grid elements, that is, in the orm of evacuated vessels in which are contained the usual plate, grid and filament electrodes,

' one of such electrodes, in this instance shown as the grid element, being located between the other two. v.In respect to the number and relative relation or disposition of the electrodes-.witliin the evacuated vessels or bulbs, however, my invention, in its broadest scope, as defined in the claims, is not to be limited or restricted.

In the particular arrangement shown, reference numerals 8, 9, 10, designate, respectively the grid, wing or plate and filament elements of audion 6, while reference numerals 11, 12, 13, designate, respectively,

the corresponding elements of the audion'7.

Current is supplied to the circuits of the filament elements 10, 13, from batteries, or other current sources 14, 15, and the currentsupply .to said circuits may be controlled or regulated in any suitable or convenient manner, as, for instance, or resistances 16, 17. v

- In series with the wing or plate elements by the adjustable rheostats' 9, 12, are batteries or other current sources 18, 19, the positive sides of each of said current sources being connected to its associated wing or plate element, while the negative sides of said current souices are connected to one side of the circuit of the associated filament.

The win or plate element 9 of the first audion of t e series is associated in suitable manner with thegrid'element of the next audion of the series. This association may be-accomplished in various ways. I have 1.10

snown a transformer coupling 22, of the auto-transformer type as illustrative of the rinci les.j.uvolve p If td esired a stopping condenser, 20, 21,-

maybe located in series with the grid elements 8, '11 respectively, of thevarious audions. The condenser 21 may be omitted if the'connection from the transformer 22 to the circuit of the filament 13 of audion 7,

1 o'aened.

Thesignal indicating device is designated form of a telephone receiver, as shown,

which is arranged in series with the wing or plate element of the-last audion of the series. In the arrangement shown in F1 2 the audions 6, 7, are connected up in mu tiple to 1 the 'source of vibratory currents, the leads blocking condenser 44, 45.

from the current source spectively, to the rid and filament elements of each audion. n this arrangement, however, the signal receiving device or telephone 23 is assoc1ated.with the wing or plate circuit which is the. out-put circuit, of each audion. This association may be accom-' plished in various ways. A simplearrangement is shown wherein the circult of the telephone receiver contains, in serieswith each being connected, re-

other, the secondary coils of transformers 24, 25, the primaries of-which are respectively-located in the circuits of the wing or.

plate elements of the'audions. .It is to be understood, however, that m invention is not to be limited or restricte in respect to themethod of associating the signalreceiverwith the audion circuits. In the particular arrangement shown the various audions act simultaneously and cumulatively upon the ,1.

receiver, thus all the audions. H I

In the. arrangement shown in. Fig. 3 audions of the double wing type are em )loyed, the audion bulb 30, hav ing a Pairo wing or plate elements 31, connecte together, and a pair of grid elements 32,- connected together, and a filament element 33, the circuit-of the latter including a current source 34, and an adjustable rheo-.

stator resistance 35. Reference numerals 36, 37, 38, 39, and.40, designating corresponding elements of audion 41. In the circuit of the plate elements of each audion is connected a, source of current 42, 43, in similar relation and circuit connection to that above described with reference to Fi s. i 1 and,2. In like manner the circuit of t e of each audion contains a The signal grid elements receiving-device or telephone receiver 46, is I shown associated with the various audions of the series in the same manner as above described with reference to Fig. 2. That is to say, the circuit of the receiver is coupied through suitable transformers 47, 48,-

with the. out-put or plate. circuits'of the in this respect.

- thereof, instead referencenuineral 23, and may be in the securing the combined effect of or plate and grid.

Oscillating audions, though, as above indicated, my in vention in 'itsbroadest scope as defined in the claimsis not to be limited or restricted In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, hoavever, the grid elements of each audion are connected to the wing elements of the filaments, and such connection is 'made, in each case, through an inductance 49, 50, across which is connected a condenser 51, 52, respectively. By means of this arrangement each-audion becomes an oscillator or ing currents in the interconnected wing and gird circuits. If then, the inductances 49, 50

suita'bl associated with'a source ofreceived un' amped oscillations having a fre-' quency nearly equal to the natural frequency of the oscillating audion circuits,

when said oscillating audion circuits are tuned to oscillate in synehronism, beats or interferences are set u in the audion systems and the combined effect of these beat currents is produced and detected in the indicating device 46, which as above explained, is associated with the wing filament circuits of all the audions. Similarly in thefjcircuits 49, 51, and'50, 52, the oscillatory currents induced: from the oscillator circuits 'of the audions, are combined an cumulative in effect where the vinductances 49, 50;

are associated, as shown, th

at is, where each constitutes one 0011 of a transformer, the

pther'coils 53, 54, of which, are in series with each other and with the' source 55 of 'the received oscillations.

nerated ave thus ,Vhile the oscillating currents by such audions and circuits as I for urposes of a wave detecting device, I emp oy-'the"identical arran "ments for generation of high power hig frequency cur- ;rents, Inasmuch, moreover, as any receiv- -1'ng antenna re-radmtes celved high earth system ternating element of each audion connected to the positive side of an independent. battery or current source my invention in "its broadest scope as defined in the claims is not to be limited or restricted inthis respect.

source of undamped alternatr described may be exceedingly minute While I'have shownvarious ways of associatin a plurality'of audions to secure an amp ifying effect upon received weak oscillations my invention in its broadest scope is not to bqlimited or restricted to the particular arrangements shown and described. 1

.what I claim. as new Having now set forth the objects and nature of my invention, andvarious arrangements embodying the (frinciples thereof, an useful and of my own invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;-

1-: A source of electrical energy, a plurality of oscillating audions, each of said audions having an oscillating circuit connected between two of its e ectrodes, and

fmeans for locally connecting all oi said 05- rality' cillating circuits with said source. v 2. A source of electrical energy, a pluof oscillating audions, each of said having an oscillat' circuit conits two cold audions nected between 3. A source f lectrical. energy, a plu my hand on the e ectrodesyand rality of oecillating audionn," a! lid ac audions having an oscillating circuit connected between two of its all for electrically all of and 0&1 lating circuits with aid a ncelv ng circuit to of mill-28 audions. I

. 4. A source-of electrical A a plurality=of audions', .0! said audions having an connected between itsvtwo'cold ec g and '80 means for electrically associating all 0 said oscillating circuits, and a receiving common to all of said audions. e

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 15th day of July .A. 1)., 35

LEE ml FOREST. 

